Which cell organelle is defined as the small round organelle that undergoes oxidation reaction to produce hydrogen peroxide?

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1. Definition: Peroxisomes are small, membrane-bound organelles where oxidation reactions occur. They contain oxidase enzymes that transfer hydrogen from substrates to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$).

2. Function: Peroxisomes also contain catalase, which decomposes the produced $H_2O_2$ into water and oxygen, protecting the cell from oxidative damage.

3. Eliminate other options: Centrosomes organize microtubules and do not catalyze oxidation to produce $H_2O_2$; vacuoles primarily store substances; the nucleus houses DNA. None of these produce hydrogen peroxide.

FINAL_ANSWER: d

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