Who among the following devised the system of ‘Subsidiary Alliance’?

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Step-by-step explanation:

- Definition: The Subsidiary Alliance was a policy by which Indian princely states were required to accept a British force within their territory, disband their own armies (or reduce them), pay for the maintenance of the British troops or cede territory, and conduct no independent foreign policy.

- Who devised it: This system was devised and implemented by Lord Wellesley during his tenure as Governor-General of India (1798–1805) as a means to expand and consolidate British control without direct annexation.

- Purpose and example: Its purpose was to make Indian states dependent on the British for military protection and foreign affairs. Wellesley used this policy to bring states like Hyderabad and others into the British sphere of influence.

FINAL_ANSWER: a

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