Which of the following movements created regional disparities between large and small farmers in India?

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Step-by-step explanation:

- The Green Revolution (1) introduced high-yielding varieties, intensive irrigation, chemical fertilizers and mechanization. These technologies required capital, reliable water and access to markets.
- Large farmers and regions with good irrigation (e.g., Punjab, Haryana) could adopt these inputs quickly, gaining much higher yields and incomes.
- Small and rainfed farmers lacked capital, irrigation and access, so they could not adopt the package at the same scale. This produced regional and farm‑size disparities in productivity and income.
- The Yellow (oilseeds), Pink (poultry/meat) and Blue (fisheries) revolutions did not produce the same large-scale, regionally concentrated disparity between large and small landholders as the Green Revolution.

Therefore, only (1) is correct.

FINAL_ANSWER: a

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