Which famous experiment was done by Michael Faraday in 1831?

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Michael Faraday in 1831 demonstrated that a changing magnetic flux induces an electromotive force (EMF). He showed this by moving magnets through coils and by using two coils (one producing a changing magnetic field and the other detecting the induced current), establishing the principle now called Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. This is expressed mathematically as $\mathcal{E} = -\dfrac{d\Phi_B}{dt}$, where $\Phi_B$ is the magnetic flux. The other options are incorrect: quantum magnetometers are modern devices, the law of elasticity (Hooke's law) and natural radioactivity were not discovered by Faraday in 1831.

FINAL_ANSWER: c

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