Which of the following districts of India is an example of an industrial district?

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Step 1 — Definition: An industrial district is a geographically concentrated area where a network of small and medium industries, ancillary units, suppliers and skilled labour are clustered and specialised in related lines of production, supported by common infrastructure and services.

Step 2 — Key criteria to identify an industrial district:
1. High concentration of related manufacturing units in a compact area.
2. Presence of specialised industries and ancillary enterprises.
3. Availability of infrastructure (industrial estates, power, transport) and business services.
4. Skilled labour force and local supply chains that reduce transaction costs.

Step 3 — How Kota meets these criteria:
1. Concentration of industries: Kota hosts multiple industrial estates and clusters where manufacturing activity is concentrated rather than being scattered, fulfilling the spatial concentration criterion.
2. Specialisation: The city has long-established specialised manufacturing lines (for example, textiles, engineering goods and stone-processing related units) that create a sectoral focus and interdependence among firms.
3. Ancillary and supporting units: Numerous small and medium enterprises in and around Kota provide ancillary services and components to the principal factories, forming an integrated local supply chain characteristic of industrial districts.
4. Infrastructure and connectivity: Kota is served by developed industrial areas with necessary utilities and has good rail and road connectivity that support movement of raw materials and finished goods, a requirement for industrial-district functioning.
5. Skilled workforce and business services: The presence of technically trained workers, local trade services, repair and maintenance shops, and commercial intermediaries sustains production activities and efficiency typical of an industrial district.

Step 4 — Conclusion: By exhibiting a compact spatial concentration of related manufacturing units, sectoral specialisation, supporting ancillary enterprises, appropriate infrastructure and an available skilled workforce, Kota exemplifies the features of an industrial district and thus justifies selection of option C.

FINAL_ANSWER: C

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