Where was the first successful textile mill established in India?

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Step-by-step explanation:

1. Early attempts: The very first cotton mill attempt in India was at Fort Gloster near Calcutta (Kolkata) in $1818$, but it did not become a lasting, successful enterprise.
2. First successful mill: The first commercially successful textile (cotton) mill in India was established in Bombay (now Mumbai) in $1854$ — the Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company (in the Girangaon area), set up by Cowasji Nanabhai Davar.
3. Eliminate other options: Surat had traditional textile activity but not the first modern mill; Jaipur had no claim to the first successful mill.

Therefore, the correct answer is Mumbai.

FINAL_ANSWER: c

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