The term ‘polygenic inheritance’ refers to:

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1. **Meaning:** Polygenic inheritance means one trait is controlled by many genes.

2. **Contrast:** (a) is one gene affecting many traits (pleiotropy). (c) is a single gene mutation. (d) is chromosome duplication.

3. **Examples:** Height and skin color are controlled by many genes.

4. **Conclusion:** The best choice describing many genes controlling one trait is **(b)**.

FINAL_ANSWER: b

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