According to a study, air pollution is responsible for one out of every eight deaths in India. India experiences one of the highest annual average ambient particulate matter PM2.5 exposure levels globally. PM2.5 particles, which are 2.5 micrometers or smaller, pose greater health risks because they can penetrate deep into the respiratory tract, settle in the lungs, and some may even enter the bloodstream.

Which of the following statements contradicts the findings of the study?

(I) At least 11% of premature deaths in people under 70 years of age are due to air pollution.

(II) Life expectancy in India could increase by 1.7 years if pollution levels fall below the minimum thresholds linked to health loss.

(III) There are 7 Indian cities listed among the top 20 safest cities worldwide for air quality.

Question

According to a study, air pollution is responsible for one out of every eight deaths in India. India experiences one of the highest annual average ambient particulate matter PM2.5 exposure levels globally. PM2.5 particles, which are 2.5 micrometers or smaller, pose greater health risks because they can penetrate deep into the respiratory tract, settle in the lungs, and some may even enter the bloodstream.

Which of the following statements contradicts the findings of the study?

(I) At least 11% of premature deaths in people under 70 years of age are due to air pollution.

(II) Life expectancy in India could increase by 1.7 years if pollution levels fall below the minimum thresholds linked to health loss.

(III) There are 7 Indian cities listed among the top 20 safest cities worldwide for air quality.

Accepted Answer

**Solution:**

1. The study states that air pollution causes one out of every eight deaths in India, which corresponds to about 12.5%, so statement (I) that says 11% premature deaths due to air pollution aligns with the study and does not contradict it.

2. Statement (II) mentions that life expectancy in India would increase by 1.7 years if pollution levels drop below harmful thresholds, which supports the study's findings about the negative impact of pollution.

3. Statement (III) claims that 7 Indian cities are among the top 20 safest cities globally for air quality. This contradicts the study's assertion that India has some of the highest PM2.5 exposure levels, making it unlikely for many Indian cities to be ranked among the safest.

Therefore, only statement (III) contradicts the study.

**Answer:** Only III

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