Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 5 in the passage: 'Children, (5) ________ basic, core learning (reading, math, languages, etc.) was weak to begin with, face a significant risk of regression.'

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Let's analyze the sentence: 'Children, (5) ________ basic, core learning (reading, math, languages, etc.) was weak to begin with, face a significant risk of regression.'

We need a pronoun that connects 'children' to 'basic, core learning was weak.' The correct relative pronoun to show possession is 'whose.'

- 'which' is used for things, not people.
- 'whom' is used as an object, not to show possession.
- 'who' is used as a subject, not to show possession.
- 'whose' is the possessive form for both people and things and fits the context: 'children, whose basic, core learning was weak...'

Therefore, the correct answer is 'whose.'

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