Select the option that correctly expresses the following sentence in passive voice:

**The explosion caused serious damage in Ukraine.**

Question

Select the option that correctly expresses the following sentence in passive voice:

**The explosion caused serious damage in Ukraine.**

Accepted Answer

**Solution:**

1. The original sentence is in the active voice: "The explosion caused serious damage in Ukraine."

2. To convert it into passive voice:
   - The object of the active sentence, "serious damage," becomes the subject of the passive sentence.
   - The verb "caused" is changed to the passive form "was caused" to match the simple past tense.
   - The subject of the active sentence, "the explosion," becomes the agent introduced by "by."
   - The phrase "in Ukraine" remains at the end to maintain the original meaning.

3. Thus, the correct passive sentence is:

**"Serious damage was caused by the explosion in Ukraine."**

4. Explanation of incorrect options:
   - Option 1 uses past perfect tense "had been caused," which changes the original simple past meaning.
   - Options 2 and 3 use present perfect tense "has been caused," which is inconsistent with the original sentence's tense.

**Answer:** Serious damage was caused by the explosion in Ukraine.

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