Read the following passage and answer the question:
A recent study by the OED Research Center revealed a surprising difference between adults and children regarding practical knowledge. Unlike traditional tests focusing on aptitude and analytical skills, this research emphasized real-life problem-solving and everyday decision-making. Participants faced situations reflecting common life experiences—such as managing minor crises, interpreting emotions, and solving daily challenges. Surprisingly, although adults had higher academic qualifications, their ability to handle practical situations was significantly lower than that of children.
Children, despite less formal education, showed remarkable insight, adaptability, and intuition. Their responses were realistic, creative, and based on observation. They tackled problems with open-mindedness and curiosity—qualities that often decline in adults due to rigid thinking and __________ educational systems. This highlighted a key point: qualifications do not always equal real-world competence. Adults tend to depend on theoretical knowledge that may not apply well in spontaneous or practical contexts, whereas children, free from overthinking and academic pressure, naturally understand and respond to reality.
The study also pointed out deeper issues in how knowledge is taught and assessed. Adults, having spent years in institutions focused on grades and credentials, may lose flexibility in learning or critical thinking beyond a fixed syllabus. Conversely, children learn through experience, observation, and constant questioning of their environment. Their learning is organic, driven by curiosity rather than the need for validation through marks or degrees.
This research challenges traditional views on intelligence and exposes the limits of measuring competence solely by academic success. It suggests a need for change in education systems and societal expectations to promote experiential learning and real-world problem-solving skills. By valuing curiosity, adaptability, and practical understanding, we can better prepare people of all ages for life's complexities. The findings remind us that knowledge is defined not by age or education but by one's ability to engage meaningfully with the world.

Question:
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT based on the passage?
(I) Adults’ overreliance on credentials can reduce their critical thinking.
(II) Children benefit from learning systems that emphasize marks.
(III) Educational systems may hinder the natural adaptability of learners.

Question

Read the following passage and answer the question:
A recent study by the OED Research Center revealed a surprising difference between adults and children regarding practical knowledge. Unlike traditional tests focusing on aptitude and analytical skills, this research emphasized real-life problem-solving and everyday decision-making. Participants faced situations reflecting common life experiences—such as managing minor crises, interpreting emotions, and solving daily challenges. Surprisingly, although adults had higher academic qualifications, their ability to handle practical situations was significantly lower than that of children.
Children, despite less formal education, showed remarkable insight, adaptability, and intuition. Their responses were realistic, creative, and based on observation. They tackled problems with open-mindedness and curiosity—qualities that often decline in adults due to rigid thinking and __________ educational systems. This highlighted a key point: qualifications do not always equal real-world competence. Adults tend to depend on theoretical knowledge that may not apply well in spontaneous or practical contexts, whereas children, free from overthinking and academic pressure, naturally understand and respond to reality.
The study also pointed out deeper issues in how knowledge is taught and assessed. Adults, having spent years in institutions focused on grades and credentials, may lose flexibility in learning or critical thinking beyond a fixed syllabus. Conversely, children learn through experience, observation, and constant questioning of their environment. Their learning is organic, driven by curiosity rather than the need for validation through marks or degrees.
This research challenges traditional views on intelligence and exposes the limits of measuring competence solely by academic success. It suggests a need for change in education systems and societal expectations to promote experiential learning and real-world problem-solving skills. By valuing curiosity, adaptability, and practical understanding, we can better prepare people of all ages for life's complexities. The findings remind us that knowledge is defined not by age or education but by one's ability to engage meaningfully with the world.

Question:
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT based on the passage?
(I) Adults’ overreliance on credentials can reduce their critical thinking.
(II) Children benefit from learning systems that emphasize marks.
(III) Educational systems may hinder the natural adaptability of learners.

Accepted Answer

**Solution:**

1. Statement (I) says adults’ overreliance on credentials can reduce their critical thinking. The passage supports this by stating adults often depend on theoretical knowledge and lose flexible or critical thinking due to emphasis on grades and credentials.

2. Statement (II) claims children benefit from learning systems that emphasize marks. The passage contradicts this by highlighting that children’s learning is driven by curiosity and experience rather than the need for validation through marks or degrees.

3. Statement (III) suggests educational systems may hinder learners’ natural adaptability. The passage supports this by noting that structured educational systems can diminish open-mindedness and adaptability.

Since (II) contradicts the passage, it is the incorrect statement.

**Answer:** (a) Only (II)

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