**Statements:**

- Some files are boxes.
- All boxes are cartons.
- No carton is a plastic.

**Conclusions:**

I. No file is a plastic.

II. Some files are plastics.

**Question:**

Based on the above statements, which of the following conclusions logically follows?

(a) If only conclusion I is true

(b) If only conclusion II is true

(c) If either conclusion I or II is true

(d) If neither conclusion I nor II is true

(e) If both conclusion I and II are true

Question

**Statements:**

- Some files are boxes.
- All boxes are cartons.
- No carton is a plastic.

**Conclusions:**

I. No file is a plastic.

II. Some files are plastics.

**Question:**

Based on the above statements, which of the following conclusions logically follows?

(a) If only conclusion I is true

(b) If only conclusion II is true

(c) If either conclusion I or II is true

(d) If neither conclusion I nor II is true

(e) If both conclusion I and II are true

Accepted Answer

**Solution:**

1. Analyze the statements:
   - Some files are boxes.
   - All boxes are cartons.
   - No carton is a plastic.

2. From the second and third statements:
   - Since all boxes are cartons and no carton is plastic, it follows that no box is plastic.

3. From the first statement:
   - Some files are boxes, so these files are also cartons (because all boxes are cartons).

4. Now, consider the conclusions:
   - Conclusion I: "No file is a plastic."
     - This conclusion cannot be definitively drawn because only some files are boxes (which are cartons and not plastic), but the rest of the files may or may not be plastic.

- Conclusion II: "Some files are plastics."
     - This conclusion also cannot be definitively confirmed or denied because the statements do not provide information about files that are not boxes.

5. Therefore, either conclusion I or conclusion II may be true based on the given information.

**Answer:** (c) If either conclusion I or II is true

Answer

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