Six persons J, L, R, O, X, and Z belong to a family and were born in six different years: 1978, 1982, 1995, 1997, 2013, and 2015. (All ages are calculated as of the year 2018, and all are assumed to be born on the same date and month.) The difference in age between O and J is 18 years, and O is J's father. L is younger than R. X is not the oldest member of the family. R is not married to Z. Z was born in an even-numbered year. L is the only granddaughter of O's mother. O's father is 4 years older than O's mother. J is the son of R.

Four of the following five persons share a common characteristic and form a group. Which one does not belong to this group?

(a) O

(b) R

(c) X

(d) J

(e) L

Question

Six persons J, L, R, O, X, and Z belong to a family and were born in six different years: 1978, 1982, 1995, 1997, 2013, and 2015. (All ages are calculated as of the year 2018, and all are assumed to be born on the same date and month.) The difference in age between O and J is 18 years, and O is J's father. L is younger than R. X is not the oldest member of the family. R is not married to Z. Z was born in an even-numbered year. L is the only granddaughter of O's mother. O's father is 4 years older than O's mother. J is the son of R.

Four of the following five persons share a common characteristic and form a group. Which one does not belong to this group?

(a) O

(b) R

(c) X

(d) J

(e) L

Accepted Answer

**Solution:**

1. List the birth years and persons:
   - 1978, 1982, 1995, 1997, 2013, 2015

2. O and J have an age difference of 18 years, and O is J's father.

3. L is younger than R.

4. X is not the oldest.

5. R is not married to Z.

6. Z was born in an even year.

7. L is the only granddaughter of O's mother, so L is a female grandchild.

8. O's father is 4 years older than O's mother.

9. J is the son of R.

From the above:

- Since O is J's father and J is R's son, R must be J's mother (since R is married to someone other than Z).

- L is granddaughter of O's mother, so L is a female grandchild.

- X is not the oldest, so the oldest must be either O or R.

- Z was born in an even year (1978 or 1982).

- The group of four persons who share a common trait are those who are blood relatives connected directly by parent-child or grandchild relations.

- X does not fit into this group as per the given conditions.

**Answer:** (c) X

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